• Resource Name The Black Sea. Crossroads of the Intercontinental Route-Ways (1204-1453)
  • Author Șerban Papacostea, Virgil Ciocîltan
  • ISBN 978-973-614-408-0
  • Material type Text
  • Subject history and epigraphy; Romania, Bulgaria, Italy, Hungary, Republic of Moldova, Russia, Greece and Turkey (Europe), Mongolia, India, China (Asia)
  • Publisher Ovidius University Press, Constanța
  • Year 2007
  • Format 20 cm, 364 p., 2 ill.
  • Format printing
  • Language Romanian
  • Annotation Marea Neagră. Răspântie a drumurilor intercontinentale (1204-1453) (original title). This book discusses the political situation from the Black See in the 13th – 15th centuries. The author emphasizes the commercial routs in the last centuries of the Byzantine Empire and relations with Golden Hoard, and Italian States and the changes of the entire paradigm with the conquest of the Turkish Empire. It is aimed at researchers and students.

Introduction - The Expansion of the West into the Eastern Mediterranean (11th -12th centuries) - The End of the Byzantine Monopoly in the Straits and Latin Domination in Constantinople (1204-1261) - Mongol Expansion and Eurasian Trade Axes (1206-1260) – Golden Hoard trade policy (1242-1396) - Ilhanat’s trade policy (1261-1335) - Byzantine restoration to the Straits and Genoese penetration into the Pontic basin (1261-1293) - First Straits War (1294-1299) - Consolidated Genoese hegemony. Venice's return to the Black Sea (1299-1333) - Italian merchants in Asia - Second Straits War (1350-1353) - Third Straits War (1376-1381). The opening of the continental roads to Central Europe - The final phase of the Genoese hegemony in the Black Sea (1381-1453) - The journey of the Pontic basin. Ships and navigation - Trade, commercial capital and commercial policy - Establishment of Ottoman rule in the Straits and the transformation of the Black Sea into a “Turkish lake” - Bibliography - Annexes - Chronological guide - Maps.

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